by Monica Franz.
Hi Marius,
I had a simular problem not using admin/cli/automated_backups.php on the commandline! Before starting CLI set
backup|backup_auto_active to manual in <your_moodlesite>/admin/settings.php?section=automated, then start <your_moodle_directory>/admin/cli/automated_backups.php via commandline.
Cheers,
Monica